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* @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ namespace Joomla\CMS\Installation\Helper; \defined('_JEXEC') or die; use Joomla\CMS\Factory; use Joomla\CMS\Filesystem\File; use Joomla\CMS\Filesystem\Path; use Joomla\CMS\Language\Text; use Joomla\CMS\User\UserHelper; use Joomla\Database\DatabaseDriver; use Joomla\Database\DatabaseInterface; use Joomla\Utilities\ArrayHelper; /** * Joomla Installation Database Helper Class. * * @since 1.6 */ abstract class DatabaseHelper { /** * The minimum database server version for MariaDB databases as required by the CMS. * This is not necessarily equal to what the database driver requires. * * @var string * @since 4.0.0 */ protected static $dbMinimumMariaDb = '10.1'; /** * The minimum database server version for MySQL databases as required by the CMS. * This is not necessarily equal to what the database driver requires. * * @var string * @since 4.0.0 */ protected static $dbMinimumMySql = '5.6'; /** * The minimum database server version for PostgreSQL databases as required by the CMS. * This is not necessarily equal to what the database driver requires. * * @var string * @since 4.0.0 */ protected static $dbMinimumPostgreSql = '11.0'; /** * Method to get a database driver. * * @param string $driver The database driver to use. * @param string $host The hostname to connect on. * @param string $user The user name to connect with. * @param string $password The password to use for connection authentication. * @param string $database The database to use. * @param string $prefix The table prefix to use. * @param boolean $select True if the database should be selected. * @param array $ssl Database TLS connection options. * * @return DatabaseInterface * * @since 1.6 */ public static function getDbo($driver, $host, $user, $password, $database, $prefix, $select = true, array $ssl = []) { static $db; if (!$db) { // Build the connection options array. $options = [ 'driver' => $driver, 'host' => $host, 'user' => $user, 'password' => $password, 'database' => $database, 'prefix' => $prefix, 'select' => $select, ]; if (!empty($ssl['dbencryption'])) { $options['ssl'] = [ 'enable' => true, 'verify_server_cert' => (bool) $ssl['dbsslverifyservercert'], ]; foreach (['cipher', 'ca', 'key', 'cert'] as $value) { $confVal = trim($ssl['dbssl' . $value]); if ($confVal !== '') { $options['ssl'][$value] = $confVal; } } } // Enable utf8mb4 connections for mysql adapters if (strtolower($driver) === 'mysqli') { $options['utf8mb4'] = true; } if (strtolower($driver) === 'mysql') { $options['charset'] = 'utf8mb4'; } // Get a database object. $db = DatabaseDriver::getInstance($options); } return $db; } /** * Convert encryption options to array. * * @param \stdClass $options The session options * * @return array The encryption settings * * @since 4.0.0 */ public static function getEncryptionSettings($options) { return [ 'dbencryption' => $options->db_encryption, 'dbsslverifyservercert' => $options->db_sslverifyservercert, 'dbsslkey' => $options->db_sslkey, 'dbsslcert' => $options->db_sslcert, 'dbsslca' => $options->db_sslca, 'dbsslcipher' => $options->db_sslcipher, ]; } /** * Get the minimum required database server version. * * @param DatabaseDriver $db Database object * @param \stdClass $options The session options * * @return string The minimum required database server version. * * @since 4.0.0 */ public static function getMinimumServerVersion($db, $options) { // Get minimum database version required by the database driver $minDbVersionRequired = $db->getMinimum(); // Get minimum database version required by the CMS if (in_array($options->db_type, ['mysql', 'mysqli'])) { if ($db->isMariaDb()) { $minDbVersionCms = self::$dbMinimumMariaDb; } else { $minDbVersionCms = self::$dbMinimumMySql; } } else { $minDbVersionCms = self::$dbMinimumPostgreSql; } // Use most restrictive, i.e. largest minimum database version requirement if (version_compare($minDbVersionCms, $minDbVersionRequired) > 0) { $minDbVersionRequired = $minDbVersionCms; } return $minDbVersionRequired; } /** * Validate and clean up database connection parameters. * * @param \stdClass $options The session options * * @return string|boolean A string with the translated error message if * validation error, otherwise false. * * @since 4.0.0 */ public static function validateConnectionParameters($options) { // Ensure a database type was selected. if (empty($options->db_type)) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_INVALID_TYPE'); } // Ensure that a hostname and user name were input. if (empty($options->db_host) || empty($options->db_user)) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_INVALID_DB_DETAILS'); } // Ensure that a database name is given. if (empty($options->db_name)) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_EMPTY_NAME'); } // Validate length of database name. if (strlen($options->db_name) > 64) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_NAME_TOO_LONG'); } // Validate database table prefix. if (empty($options->db_prefix) || !preg_match('#^[a-zA-Z]+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*$#', $options->db_prefix)) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_PREFIX_MSG'); } // Validate length of database table prefix. if (strlen($options->db_prefix) > 15) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_FIX_TOO_LONG'); } // Validate database name. if (in_array($options->db_type, ['pgsql', 'postgresql']) && !preg_match('#^[a-zA-Z_][0-9a-zA-Z_$]*$#', $options->db_name)) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_NAME_MSG_POSTGRES'); } if (in_array($options->db_type, ['mysql', 'mysqli']) && preg_match('#[\\\\\/]#', $options->db_name)) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_NAME_MSG_MYSQL'); } // Workaround for UPPERCASE table prefix for postgresql if (in_array($options->db_type, ['pgsql', 'postgresql'])) { if (strtolower($options->db_prefix) != $options->db_prefix) { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_FIX_LOWERCASE'); } } // Validate and clean up database connection encryption options $optionsChanged = false; if ($options->db_encryption === 0) { // Reset unused options if (!empty($options->db_sslkey)) { $options->db_sslkey = ''; $optionsChanged = true; } if (!empty($options->db_sslcert)) { $options->db_sslcert = ''; $optionsChanged = true; } if ($options->db_sslverifyservercert) { $options->db_sslverifyservercert = false; $optionsChanged = true; } if (!empty($options->db_sslca)) { $options->db_sslca = ''; $optionsChanged = true; } if (!empty($options->db_sslcipher)) { $options->db_sslcipher = ''; $optionsChanged = true; } } else { // Check localhost if (strtolower($options->db_host) === 'localhost') { return Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_LOCALHOST'); } // Check CA file and folder depending on database type if server certificate verification if ($options->db_sslverifyservercert) { if (empty($options->db_sslca)) { return Text::sprintf('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_FILE_FIELD_EMPTY', Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_CA_LABEL')); } if (!File::exists(Path::clean($options->db_sslca))) { return Text::sprintf('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_FILE_FIELD_BAD', Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_CA_LABEL')); } } else { // Reset unused option if (!empty($options->db_sslca)) { $options->db_sslca = ''; $optionsChanged = true; } } // Check key and certificate if two-way encryption if ($options->db_encryption === 2) { if (empty($options->db_sslkey)) { return Text::sprintf('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_FILE_FIELD_EMPTY', Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_KEY_LABEL')); } if (!File::exists(Path::clean($options->db_sslkey))) { return Text::sprintf('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_FILE_FIELD_BAD', Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_KEY_LABEL')); } if (empty($options->db_sslcert)) { return Text::sprintf('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_FILE_FIELD_EMPTY', Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_CERT_LABEL')); } if (!File::exists(Path::clean($options->db_sslcert))) { return Text::sprintf('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_FILE_FIELD_BAD', Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_CERT_LABEL')); } } else { // Reset unused options if (!empty($options->db_sslkey)) { $options->db_sslkey = ''; $optionsChanged = true; } if (!empty($options->db_sslcert)) { $options->db_sslcert = ''; $optionsChanged = true; } } } // Save options to session data if changed if ($optionsChanged) { $optsArr = ArrayHelper::fromObject($options); Factory::getSession()->set('setup.options', $optsArr); } return false; } /** * Security check for remote db hosts * * @param \stdClass $options The session options * * @return boolean True if passed, otherwise false. * * @since 4.0.0 */ public static function checkRemoteDbHost($options) { // Security check for remote db hosts: Check env var if disabled $shouldCheckLocalhost = getenv('JOOMLA_INSTALLATION_DISABLE_LOCALHOST_CHECK') !== '1'; // Per default allowed DB hosts: localhost / 127.0.0.1 / ::1 (optionally with port) $localhost = '/^(((localhost|127\.0\.0\.1|\[\:\:1\])(\:[1-9]{1}[0-9]{0,4})?)|(\:\:1))$/'; // Check the security file if the db_host is not localhost / 127.0.0.1 / ::1 if ($shouldCheckLocalhost && preg_match($localhost, $options->db_host) !== 1) { $remoteDbFileTestsPassed = Factory::getSession()->get('remoteDbFileTestsPassed', false); // When all checks have been passed we don't need to do this here again. if ($remoteDbFileTestsPassed === false) { $generalRemoteDatabaseMessage = Text::sprintf( 'INSTL_DATABASE_HOST_IS_NOT_LOCALHOST_GENERAL_MESSAGE', 'https://docs.joomla.org/Special:MyLanguage/J3.x:Secured_procedure_for_installing_Joomla_with_a_remote_database' ); $remoteDbFile = Factory::getSession()->get('remoteDbFile', false); if ($remoteDbFile === false) { // Add the general message Factory::getApplication()->enqueueMessage($generalRemoteDatabaseMessage, 'warning'); // This is the file you need to remove if you want to use a remote database $remoteDbFile = '_Joomla' . UserHelper::genRandomPassword(21) . '.txt'; Factory::getSession()->set('remoteDbFile', $remoteDbFile); // Get the path $remoteDbPath = JPATH_INSTALLATION . '/' . $remoteDbFile; // When the path is not writable the user needs to create the file manually if (!File::write($remoteDbPath, '')) { // Request to create the file manually Factory::getApplication()->enqueueMessage( Text::sprintf( 'INSTL_DATABASE_HOST_IS_NOT_LOCALHOST_CREATE_FILE', $remoteDbFile, 'installation', Text::_('INSTL_INSTALL_JOOMLA') ), 'notice' ); Factory::getSession()->set('remoteDbFileUnwritable', true); return false; } // Save the file name to the session Factory::getSession()->set('remoteDbFileWrittenByJoomla', true); // Request to delete that file Factory::getApplication()->enqueueMessage( Text::sprintf( 'INSTL_DATABASE_HOST_IS_NOT_LOCALHOST_DELETE_FILE', $remoteDbFile, 'installation', Text::_('INSTL_INSTALL_JOOMLA') ), 'notice' ); return false; } if (Factory::getSession()->get('remoteDbFileWrittenByJoomla', false) === true && File::exists(JPATH_INSTALLATION . '/' . $remoteDbFile)) { // Add the general message Factory::getApplication()->enqueueMessage($generalRemoteDatabaseMessage, 'warning'); // Request to delete the file Factory::getApplication()->enqueueMessage( Text::sprintf( 'INSTL_DATABASE_HOST_IS_NOT_LOCALHOST_DELETE_FILE', $remoteDbFile, 'installation', Text::_('INSTL_INSTALL_JOOMLA') ), 'notice' ); return false; } if (Factory::getSession()->get('remoteDbFileUnwritable', false) === true && !File::exists(JPATH_INSTALLATION . '/' . $remoteDbFile)) { // Add the general message Factory::getApplication()->enqueueMessage($generalRemoteDatabaseMessage, 'warning'); // Request to create the file manually Factory::getApplication()->enqueueMessage( Text::sprintf( 'INSTL_DATABASE_HOST_IS_NOT_LOCALHOST_CREATE_FILE', $remoteDbFile, 'installation', Text::_('INSTL_INSTALL_JOOMLA') ), 'notice' ); return false; } // All tests for this session passed set it to the session Factory::getSession()->set('remoteDbFileTestsPassed', true); } } return true; } /** * Check database server parameters after connection * * @param DatabaseDriver $db Database object * @param \stdClass $options The session options * * @return string|boolean A string with the translated error message if * some server parameter is not ok, otherwise false. * * @since 4.0.0 */ public static function checkDbServerParameters($db, $options) { $dbVersion = $db->getVersion(); // Get required database version $minDbVersionRequired = self::getMinimumServerVersion($db, $options); // Check minimum database version if (version_compare($dbVersion, $minDbVersionRequired) < 0) { if (in_array($options->db_type, ['mysql', 'mysqli']) && $db->isMariaDb()) { $errorMessage = Text::sprintf( 'INSTL_DATABASE_INVALID_MARIADB_VERSION', $minDbVersionRequired, $dbVersion ); } else { $errorMessage = Text::sprintf( 'INSTL_DATABASE_INVALID_' . strtoupper($options->db_type) . '_VERSION', $minDbVersionRequired, $dbVersion ); } return $errorMessage; } // Check database connection encryption if ($options->db_encryption !== 0 && empty($db->getConnectionEncryption())) { if ($db->isConnectionEncryptionSupported()) { $errorMessage = Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_CONN_NOT_ENCRYPT'); } else { $errorMessage = Text::_('INSTL_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION_MSG_SRV_NOT_SUPPORTS'); } return $errorMessage; } return false; } }